<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">mvist</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Медицина высоких технологий</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Title</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">3034-008X</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2949-5504</issn><publisher><publisher-name></publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.63769/3034-008X-2026-1-1-62-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">mvist-6</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИРУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SURGERY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ретракция конкремента, вклиненного в шейку желчного пузыря, и рассечение кармана Гартмана в ходе лапароскопической холецистэктомии: сравнительный анализ эффективности и безопасности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Stone retraction and incision at the level of Hartmann’s pouch during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in cases of stone impacted in the gallbladder neck: Comparative analysis of efficacy and safety</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-9147-5421</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костяев</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostyaev</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Сергеевич Костяев</p><p>111539 Москва, ул. Вешняковская, 23</p><p>390026 Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry Sergeevich Kostyaev</p><p>23 Veshnyakovskaya St., Moscow 111539</p><p>9 Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan 390026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">traider25@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2387-3440</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Натальский</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Natalskiy</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>390026 Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, 9</p><p>390000 Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>9 Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan 390026</p><p>3a Internatsionalnaya St., Ryazan 390039,</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0265-4659</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинников</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111539 Москва, ул. Вешняковская, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Veshnyakovskaya St., Moscow 111539</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5557-1925</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кешян</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Keshyan</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111539 Москва, ул. Вешняковская, 23</p><p>117513 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Veshnyakovskaya St., Moscow 111539</p><p>1–6 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3439-9016</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чавкин</surname><given-names>П. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chavkin</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>111539 Москва, ул. Вешняковская, 23</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>23 Veshnyakovskaya St., Moscow 111539</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3695-0847</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хусаинова</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khusainova</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117513 Москва, ул. Островитянова, 1, стр. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>1–6 Ostrovityanova St., Moscow 117513</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-8595</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кочетков</surname><given-names>Ф. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kochetkov</surname><given-names>F. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>390026 Рязань, ул. Высоковольтная, 9</p><p>390000 Рязань, ул. Интернациональная, 3а</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>9 Vysokovoltnaya St., Ryazan 390026</p><p>3a Internatsionalnaya St., Ryazan 390039</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 15 им. О. М. Филатова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital n.a. O. M. Filatov, Moscow Healthcare Department; Ryazan State Medical University n.a. Acad. I.P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова» Минздрава России; ГБУ РО «Областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University n.a. Acad. I.P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of Russia;  Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 15 им. О. М. Филатова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital n.a. O. M. Filatov, Moscow Healthcare Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Городская клиническая больница № 15 им. О. М. Филатова Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Municipal Clinical Hospital n.a. O. M. Filatov, Moscow Healthcare Department; N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н. И. Пирогова» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>N. I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Рязанский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И. П. Павлова» Минздрава России; ГБУ РО «Областная клиническая больница»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ryazan State Medical University n.a. Acad. I.P. Pavlov, Ministry of Health of Russia; Regional Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>62</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Костяев Д.С., Натальский А.А., Овчинников С.В., Кешян Э.А., Чавкин П.М., Хусаинова Н.Р., Кочетков Ф.Д., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Костяев Д.С., Натальский А.А., Овчинников С.В., Кешян Э.А., Чавкин П.М., Хусаинова Н.Р., Кочетков Ф.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kostyaev D.S., Natalskiy A.A., Ovchinnikov S.V., Keshyan E.A., Chavkin P.V., Khusainova N.R., Kochetkov F.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htmed-j.com/jour/article/view/6">https://www.htmed-j.com/jour/article/view/6</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – сравнить результаты применения двух интраоперационных приемов – ретракции вклиненного конкремента и рассечения кармана Гартмана – при лапароскопической холецистэктомии у пациентов с вклиненным в шейку желчного пузыря конкрементом.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведено ретроспективное одноцентровое сравнительное исследование, включившее 104 пациента с калькулезным холециститом и интраоперационно подтвержденным вклинением конкремента в шейку желчного пузыря. В 62 случаях выполнена ретракция конкремента без вскрытия стенки желчного пузыря, в 42 случаях – рассечение стенки на уровне кармана Гартмана с эвакуацией конкремента и последующим продолжением холецистэктомии. Анализировали клинико-демографические характеристики, интраоперационные показатели и послеоперационные исходы, включая частоту и тяжесть осложнений по классификации Clavien–Dindo.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Исходные клинико-демографические показатели в группах не различались. Общая частота послеоперационных осложнений была выше в группе ретракции конкремента, чем в группе рассечения кармана Гартмана (40,3 и 23,8 % соответственно; p = 0,044). Клинически значимые осложнения (≥IIIa степени по классификации Clavien–Dindo) также чаще наблюдались в группе ретракции (22,6 и 4,8 %; p = 0,014). Летальных исходов не зарегистрировано.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Вклиненный в шейку желчного пузыря конкремент формирует условия, при которых стандартная диссекция в треугольнике Кало может быть небезопасной. Ретракция конкремента оправданна как первый этап вмешательства; при ее неэффективности целесообразен ранний переход к рассечению кармана Гартмана. Поэтапный алгоритмический подход позволяет снизить частоту клинически значимых осложнений и повысить безопасность операции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To compare outcomes of stone retraction and incision at the level of Hartmann’s pouch during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with a stone impacted in the gallbladder neck.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A retrospective single-center comparative study included 104 patients with calculous cholecystitis and an intraoperatively confirmed impacted stone in the gallbladder neck. Stone retraction without opening the gallbladder wall was performed in 62 patients, while 42 underwent incision of the gallbladder wall at the level of Hartmann’s pouch with stone extraction followed by continuation of cholecystectomy. Clinical, demographic, intraoperative characteristics and postoperative outcomes were analyzed, including complications graded according to the Clavien–Dindo classification.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. The overall complication rate was higher in the stone retraction group compared to the Hartmann’s pouch incision group (40.3 and 23.8 %, respectively; p = 0.044). Clinically significant complications (grade ≥IIIa per the Clavien–Dindo classification) occurred more frequently after stone retraction (22.6 % and 4.8 %, p = 0.014). No mortality was observed.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. An impacted stone in the gallbladder neck may render standard dissection within the Calot’s triangle unsafe. Stone retraction is a reasonable initial step; however, early transition to incision at the level of the Hartmann’s pouch is advisable when it is ineffective. A stepwise algorithmic approach allows to decrease the rate of clinically significant complications and improve safety of the surgery.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лапароскопическая холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>вклиненный конкремент</kwd><kwd>карман Гартмана</kwd><kwd>сложная холецистэктомия</kwd><kwd>осложнения</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>laparoscopic cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>impacted gallstone</kwd><kwd>Hartmann’s pouch</kwd><kwd>difficult cholecystectomy</kwd><kwd>complications</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Амбарцумян А.Р., Чумак Б.А., Дерягина Л.Е. и др. Критерии формирования жировой дегенерации печени у лиц различных возрастных групп в отдаленном периоде после миниинвазивной холецистэктомии. Российский медико-биологический вестник им. акад. И.П. Павлова 2023;31(2):231–42. DOI: 10.17816/PAVLOVJ110948</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ambartsumyan A.R., Chumak B.A., Deryagina L.E. et al. Criteria of formation of fatty liver disease in individuals of different age groups in the long-term period after minimally invasive cholecystectomy. Rossiysky mediko-biologichesky vestnik im. akad. I.P. Pavlova = I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald 2023;31(2):231–42. DOI: 10.17816/PAVL0VJ110948. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta V. How to achieve the critical view of safety for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Technical aspects. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2023;27(2):201–10. DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.22-064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta V. How to achieve the critical view of safety for safe laparoscopic cholecystectomy: Technical aspects. Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2023;27(2):201–10. DOI: 10.14701/ahbps.22-064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Addasi R., Al-Sabe’ L., AlRawabdeh K. et al. Patient and surgeon predictors of achieving the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective cohort study. Front Surg 2025;12:1661510. DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1661510</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Addasi R., Al-Sabe’ L., AlRawabdeh K. et al. Patient and surgeon predictors of achieving the critical view of safety in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a prospective cohort study. Front Surg 2025;12:1661510. DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1661510</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdallah H.S., Sedky M.H., Sedky Z.H. The difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a narrative review. BMC Surg 2025;25(1):156. DOI: 10.1186/s12893-025-02847-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Abdallah H.S., Sedky M.H., Sedky Z.H. The difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a narrative review. BMC Surg 2025;25(1):156. DOI: 10.1186/s12893-025-02847-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alius C., Serban D., Bratu D.G. et al. When critical view of safety fails: A practical perspective on difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023;59(8):1491. DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081491</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alius C., Serban D., Bratu D.G. et al. When critical view of safety fails: A practical perspective on difficult laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023;59(8):1491. DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081491</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Тарасенко С.В., Ромашов Д.В., Панин И.В. и др. Хирургическое лечение пациентки с синдромом Бувере (Bouveret’s Syndrome). Наука молодых (Eruditio Juvenium) 2024;12(4): 589–600. DOI: 10.23888/HMJ2024124589-600</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tarasenko S.V., Romashov D.V., Panin I.V. et al. Surgical treatment of a female patient with Bouveret's syndrome. Nauka molodykh = Science of the young (Eruditio Juvenium) 2024;12(4):589–600. DOI: 10.23888/HMJ2024124589-600. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moosa H., Jaffer S., Naeem Khan M. et al. Mirizzi syndrome: Clinical Insights, diagnostic challenges, and surgical outcomes – a 5-year experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Qatar Med J 2025;2025(1):8. DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2025.8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moosa H., Jaffer S., Naeem Khan M. et al. Mirizzi syndrome: Clinical Insights, diagnostic challenges, and surgical outcomes – a 5-year experience from a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Qatar Med J 2025;2025(1):8. DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2025.8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koo J.G.A., Tham H.Y., Toh E.Q. et al. Mirizzi syndrome – the past, present, and future. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023;60(1):12. DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010012</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koo J.G.A., Tham H.Y., Toh E.Q. et al. Mirizzi syndrome – the past, present, and future. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023;60(1):12. DOI: 10.3390/medicina60010012</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lai W., Yang J., Xu N. et al. Surgical strategies for Mirizzi syndrome: a ten-year single center experience. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022;14(2):107–19. DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i2.107</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lai W., Yang J., Xu N. et al. Surgical strategies for Mirizzi syndrome: a ten-year single center experience. World J Gastrointest Surg 2022;14(2):107–19. DOI: 10.4240/wjgs.v14.i2.107</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власов А.В., Панюшкин А.В., Жидков И.М., Баранова Д.Г. Травма желчных протоков при лапароскопической холецистэктомии: современное состояние проблемы. Вестник хирургии им. И.И. Грекова 2024;183(4):70–6. DOI: 10.24884/0042-4625-2024-183-4-70-76</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vlasov A.V., Panyushkin A.V., Zhidkov I.M., Baranova D.G. Bile ducts injury during laparoscopic cholecystectomy: current state of the problem. Vestnik khirurgii im. I.I. Grekova = Grekov’s Bulletin of Surgery 2024;183(4):70–6. DOI: 10.24884/0042-4625-2024-183-4-70-76. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Хаджибаев Ф.А., Алиджанов Ф.Б., Гуломов Ф.К., Яров Ж.Б. Лапароскопическое лечение синдрома Мириззи. Журнал им. Н.В. Склифосовского «Неотложная медицинская помощь» 2021;10(3):567–74. DOI: 10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-3-567-574</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khadzhibayev F.A., Alidzhanov F.B., Gulomov F.K., Yarov Zh.B. Laparoscopic treatment оf Mirizzi syndrome. Zhurnal im. N.V. Sklifosovskogo “Neotlozhnaya meditsinskaya pomoshch” = Sklifosovsky Journal “Emergency Medical Care” 2021;10(3):567–74. DOI: 10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-3-567-574. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Toro A., Teodoro M., Khan M. et al. Subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult acute cholecystitis: how to finalize safely by laparoscopy a systematic review. World J Emerg Surg 2021;16(1):45. DOI: 10.1186/s13017-021-00392-x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Toro A., Teodoro M., Khan M. et al. Subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult acute cholecystitis: how to finalize safely by laparoscopy a systematic review. World J Emerg Surg 2021;16(1):45. DOI: 10.1186/s13017-021-00392-x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Al-Azzawi M., Abouelazayem M., Parmar C. et al. A systematic review on laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult gallbladders: a lifesaving bailout or an incomplete operation? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024;106(3):205–12. DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0008</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Al-Azzawi M., Abouelazayem M., Parmar C. et al. A systematic review on laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for difficult gallbladders: a lifesaving bailout or an incomplete operation? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2024;106(3):205–12. DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2023.0008</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garzali I.U., Aburumman A., Alsardia Y. et al. Is fundus first laparoscopic cholecystectomy a better option than conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy for difficult cholecystectomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Updates Surg 2022;74(6):1797–803. DOI: 10.1007/s13304-022-01403-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garzali I.U., Aburumman A., Alsardia Y. et al. Is fundus first laparoscopic cholecystectomy a better option than conventional laparoscopic cholecystectomy for difficult cholecystectomy? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Updates Surg 2022;74(6):1797–803. DOI: 10.1007/s13304-022-01403-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Deng S.X., Sharma B.T., Ebeye T. et al. Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for the difficult gallbladder: Evolution of technique at a single teaching hospital. Surgery 2024;175(4): 955–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.12.026</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Deng S.X., Sharma B.T., Ebeye T. et al. Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy for the difficult gallbladder: Evolution of technique at a single teaching hospital. Surgery 2024;175(4): 955–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.surg.2023.12.026</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gallaher J.R., Charles A. Acute cholecystitis: A review. JAMA 2022;327(10):965–75. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.2350</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gallaher J.R., Charles A. Acute cholecystitis: A review. JAMA 2022;327(10):965–75. DOI: 10.1001/jama.2022.2350</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Evanson D.J., Elcic L., Uyeda J.W., Zulfiqar M. Imaging of gallstones and complications. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2025;54(3):392–403. DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.12.007</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Evanson D.J., Elcic L., Uyeda J.W., Zulfiqar M. Imaging of gallstones and complications. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2025;54(3):392–403. DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2024.12.007</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Froehlich M., Sodomin E.M., Fontenot T. et al. Mirizzi syndrome: The Trojan horse of gallbladder disease. Surg Open Sci 2024;18:103–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.02.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Froehlich M., Sodomin E.M., Fontenot T. et al. Mirizzi syndrome: The Trojan horse of gallbladder disease. Surg Open Sci 2024;18:103–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.sopen.2024.02.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khalid A., Khalil K., Mehmood Qadri H. et al. Comparison of postoperative complications of open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy according to the modified Clavien–Dindo classification system. Cureus 2023;15(8):e43642. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43642</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khalid A., Khalil K., Mehmood Qadri H. et al. Comparison of postoperative complications of open versus laparoscopic cholecystectomy according to the modified Clavien–Dindo classification system. Cureus 2023;15(8):e43642. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43642</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pretzsch E., Koliogiannis D., D’Haese J.G. et al. Textbook outcome in hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery: systematic review. BJS Open 2022;6(6):zrac149. DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrac149</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pretzsch E., Koliogiannis D., D’Haese J.G. et al. Textbook outcome in hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery: systematic review. BJS Open 2022;6(6):zrac149. DOI: 10.1093/bjsopen/zrac149</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mansor S., Zaidi A., Habibullah M. et al. Early Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. When do risks seem imminent? Asian J Endosc Surg 2025;18(1):e70052. DOI: 10.1111/ases.70052</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mansor S., Zaidi A., Habibullah M. et al. Early Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. When do risks seem imminent? Asian J Endosc Surg 2025;18(1):e70052. DOI: 10.1111/ases.70052</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
